Welcome to the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History Chapter 3 – Nazism and the Rise of Hitler. This chapter explains how Hitler came to power, how the Nazi ideology spread, and how it affected Germany and the world. Here, you will find all question–answers written in simple and clear language, following the latest NCERT guidelines. These solutions will help students understand the chapter better, complete homework easily, and prepare effectively for exams.
Ch-3 :- Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
Exercise Solution
Ques 1 :- Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
Ans:- The problems faced by Weimar Republic were as follows:-
• The Weimar Republic was not treated well by the people because of the terms it was forced to accept the Treaty of Versailles at the end of the First World War . It was a harsh and humiliating treaty.
• By signing this treaty , the Republic carried the burden of war guilt and was financially being forced to pay compensation . It became very unpopular among Germans.
• Supporters of the Weimar Republic i.e. Socialists , Catholics and Democrats were mockingly called the "November criminals" because they had accepted the humiliating terms of the Versailles Treaty.
• The birth of the Weimar Republic coincided with the Russian Revolution . Soviets of workers and sailors were established in many cities . Most people were demanding Soviet style governance.
• In the Weimar Republic both the communists and socialists became enemies and could not unite against Hitler.
• The Weimar Republic faced economic crisis . USA withdrew her support when Wall Street Exchange crashed in 1929. Workers lost their jobs and were paid reduced wages. The number of unemployed touched 6 million . This created deep anxieties and fear among people.
Ques 2 :- Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
Ans:- Nazism became popular in Germany due to the following reasons:-
• The Treaty of Versailles imposed very humiliating terms on Germany and people began to think the Weimar Republic as responsible for that.
• There was political instability under the Weimar Republic within its short period had 20 different Cabinets lasting on an average 239 days.
• Germany witnessed a grave economic crisis and Hitler promised the people to restore prosperity and peace.
• The communists in Germany tried to stage a revolution on the pattern of the Soviet Revolution of 1917 AD . The German capitalist supported Hitler’s Nazi Party as the party was against Socialism.
• Hitler had a strong personality and mass appeal . He was a powerful speaker . His passion and words inspired people . Hitler devised a new style of politics which inspired the people of Germany.
Ques 3 :- What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?
Ans:- The peculiar features of Nazi thinking were:-
• They believed that the strong should rule the world and the rest should accept their leadership.
• They believed in racial hierarchy where the Nordic German Aryans were at the top and the Jews at the lowest rung.
• The believed that the Jews were their greatest enemies. So the Jews were tortured and killed.
• Nazis wanted to create a separate racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were seen as undesirable by them.
• The Nazis believed in the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum or living space , i.e. new territories had to be acquired for the German nation.
• Women were seen as only bearers of the Aryan culture and race .
Ques 4 :- Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
Ans :- Nazi propaganda was successful in creating hatred for the Jews in different ways :-
• The Jews were stereotyped as killers of Christ. They had been barred since medieval times from ownership of land.
• The Jews were affluent being mainly traders and moneylenders. The economically shattered unemployed German people easily developed hatred against them.
• The Jews lived separately in marked areas called ghettos thus they became easy targets.
• The Nazis introduced the hatred theory against the Jews from the very beginning of the child’s school life so that they grew up with this hatred.
• Nazi ideas were spread through visual images, posters, slogans, leaflets, films etc. This propaganda worked on the minds and emotions of the German people.
Ques 5 :- Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.
Ans:- Role of women in Nazi society was dominated by the principles of a male dominated society. :-
• Hitler declared mother as the most important citizen but this was limited to only Aryan women who produced racially desirable children otherwise they would be punished.
• Girls were taught that they had to became good mothers and maintain the purity of race.They must distance themselves from Jews look after the home and teach their children Nazi values.
Differences between the French women and the Nazi women were :-
| French women | Nazi women |
|---|---|
| • It took an equal part in social political developments of their country . Many women played important role in the French Revolution. | • It could not take part in democratic struggle as it was believed that it would destroy society. |
| • Most of the women had to work for a living along with their men. | • Women were not allowed to work along with men. |
| • Women established their own political club and newspaper to express their views. | • No political clubs or organisations were allowed. |
| • Both men and women were treated equally. | • Women were considered to be the bearers of the Aryan culture and race. |
| • It could not be forced to marry against their will. They had the rights to choose their partners. | • It had to maintain the purity of race they were not allowed to mix with the Jews. |
Ques 6 :- In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people ?
Ans:- The Nazi state established total control over its people in the following ways:-
• All political parties and trade unions were banned except the Nazi Party and its affiliates.
• The state established total control over the economy , media , army and judiciary.
• Germany became almost a police state. Special surveillance forces , security forces , secret state police (Gestapo) were created to control the society.
• The Nazi rule glorified war and chose the path of war as a way out of the economic crisis.
• The Nazi rule glorified war and chose the path of war as a way out of the economic crisis.
Conclusion
The chapter "Nazism and the Rise of Hitler" teaches us how economic hardship, political instability and social fear allowed a dictator like Hitler to gain power. It also explains how racism, propaganda and blind nationalism misguided the people of Germany and led to terrible crimes such as the Holocaust.
Through this lesson, we understand the importance of democracy, equality, and human rights. By studying this period of history, we learn why it is necessary to stand against discrimination and protect the values that ensure peace and justice in society.
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