Class 9 Science Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Exercise Solution || Improvement In Food Resources Exercise Solution || Class 9 Biology Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Exercise Solution ||

Subject	Science (Biology)
Class	9
Chapter No.	12
Chapter Name	Improvement In Food Resources
Type	EXERCISE SOLUTION

Class 9 Science Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Intext Solution :-  LINK

Chapter: - 12   IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES

 

EXERCISE QUESTION- ANSWER: -

Ques 1: - Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yield.

Ans: - One method used for crop production which ensures high yield is:

-- Hybridization: - Crops from different areas are picked up with desired traits and then cross-bred. The crop with the desired characteristic is obtained.

-- Also, a gene might be introduced that would provide the desired characteristic. This results in genetically modified crops

OR

-- Crop rotation: - It is the method of growing two or more varieties of crops on the same land in sequential seasons.

-- This method ensures the stability in the soil profile across the field and helps in the replenishment of soil nutrient levels.

OR

-- Inter-cropping: - It is the method of growing two or more varieties of crops having different nutrient requirements on the same land in a fixed pattern.

-- The factors for which variety improvement is done are: - Higher yield, early maturation, less water for irrigation, better quality seeds are produced, fewer fertilizers required, adapts itself to the environmental conditions.

Ques 2: - Why are manure and fertilisers used in fields?

Ans: - Manure and fertilizers are used in fields in order to increase fertility of soil.

-- They provide nutrition to standing crops for their proper growth.

OR

-- Manures and fertilisers are used to enrich the soil quality and improve the yield.

-- They also help in controlling diseases.

-- Manure and fertilisers replenish the soil by supplying nutrients to the soil.

-- They are excellent sources of potassium, phosphorous and nitrogen which assist in the healthy development of plants.

-- Manures and fertilisers mainly improve the fertility of the soil.

Ques 3: - What are the advantages of inter-cropping and crop rotation?

Ans: - Advantages of inter- cropping: - 

-- Crops give better return.                      

-- Maintain soil health.

-- Reduced loss of crops with high yield.         

-- Less water requirement. 

-- Reduced need of fertilizers.                   

-- Spread of insect-pest is less. 

-- Weed infestation is less.                      

-- Decreased chances of soil erosion.

 

* Advantages of crop rotation: -

-- Farmers can grow two or three crops annually.

-- Prevents soil nutrition loss or replenishes nutrition.

-- Prevents infestation of weeds, insects and pests.

-- Maintains soil texture.  

-- Gives better return.

-- Both fruits and vegetables can be grown easily.

-- Best use of land with a proper supply of nutrients.

 

Ques 4: - What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural practices? 

Ans: - Genetic manipulation is a process in which the transfer of genes takes place from one organism to another.

OR 

-- Genetic manipulation is a process of introducing a gene that would provide the desired characteristic resulting in genetically modified crops.

-- A gene of a particular character is introduced inside the chromosome cell, resulting in a transgenic plant.

Example: - BT Cotton is a genetically modified crop which carries bacterial genes that protect this plant from insects.

-- These are used in plants like brinjal, cabbage, rice, cauliflower, and maize crops to get protection from insects.

* Genetic manipulation is useful in developing varieties with:

-- Higher yield         

-- Good quality   

-- Biotic and abiotic resistance

-- Shortening of the maturity duration     

-- Wider adaptability and  

-- Desirable agronomic characteristics

Ques 5: - How do storage grain losses occur?

Ans: - Storage gain losses can occur due to:

-- Biotic factors such as insects, rodents, mites and bacteria feed on the grains making it unfit for human consumption.

-- Abiotic factors like moisture (present in foodgrains), humidity (of air) and temperature in the place of storage.

-- These affect the quality, causes a loss in weight, discoloration of produce, thereby making the grains unfit for the market.

Ques 6: - How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?

Ans: - Animal husbandry is the scientific management of feeding, breeding and disease control of animal livestock.

* Good practice of animal husbandry benefits farmers in the following ways:

-- Producing improved breeds of domestic’s animals.

-- High milk-yielding breeds of cows and buffaloes.

-- Increasing the yield of animal products such as milk, eggs, meat, etc.

-- Disease resistant varieties of animals.

-- Use in agriculture for carting, irrigation and tilling.

Ques 7: - What are the benefits of cattle farming?

Ans: - The benefits of cattle farming are: -

-- Cattle are used for agricultural purposes.

-- Milk production is increased by high yielding animals.

-- Good quality of meat, fibre and skin can be obtained.

-- The skin of cattle is used for the leather and wool industry.

-- Good breed of draught animals can be obtained. 

Ques 8: - For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries and bee- keeping?

Ans: - For increasing production in poultry, fisheries, and bee-keeping, the following things are common: -

-- Maintaining temperature and hygienic environmental conditions.

-- Prevention and protection from diseases and pests.

-- Giving proper and nutritious food.

-- Avoid overcrowding of animals in their shelter.

Ques 9: - How do you differentiate between capture fishing, mariculture and aquaculture?

Ans: - Capture fishing: - It is a technique in which fish are captured from various sources of natural resources like sea, rivers, lakes and ponds.

-- Mariculture: - It is the culture of marine fish and some marine organisms of high economic value like mullets, pearl spots, prawns, mussels, oysters and even sea-weed.

-- Aquaculture: - It involves the production of aquatic animals that are of high economic value such as prawns, lobsters, fishes, crabs, etc.

OR

* Capture fishing	* Mariculture	* Aquaculture
-- Fish are obtained from natural water resources such as ponds, canals, rivers, etc.	-- It is the culture of marine fish and some marine organisms of high economic value	-- It involves the production of aquatic animals that are of high economic value
-- It does not involve any seeding or rearing of fishes.	-- Fish and other organisms are seeded and reared.	-- Fish and other organisms are seeded and reared.
-- Capture fishing is undertaken both inland and marine water.	-- It is carried out only in seawater.	-- It is carried out in fresh water and marine water.
-- Fish can be located easily and Capture using fishing nets.	-- Fish can be located with the help of satellites and echo sounders.	-- Fish can be located easily and caught using fishing nets.