Class 9 Science Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Intext Solution || Improvement In Food Resources Intext Solution || Class 9 Biology Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Intext Solution ||

Subject	Science (Biology)
Class	9
Chapter No.	12
Chapter Name	Improvement In Food Resources
Type	INTEXT SOLUTION

Class 9 Science Ch 12- Improvement In Food Resources Exercise Solution :- LINK

      

Chapter: - 12   IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES

INTEXT QUESTION- ANSWER: -

Ques 1: - What do we get from cereals, pulses, fruits and vegetables?

Ans: - Cereals give carbohydrates which provide energy. Eg: - wheat, rice

-- Pulses give proteins which build our body. Eg: - gram, pea

-- Fruits and vegetables give vitamins, minerals and small amounts of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Eg: - Apple, Mango, Spinach

 Page: - 142 

Ques 1: - How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production? 

Ans: - Two major factors that affect the crop are: -

-- Biotic factors: - such as insects, nematodes, pests and diseases reduce crop production. Insects feed on the crop thus destroying it.

-- Abiotic factors: - are natural factors like temperature, salinity, waterlogging which also reduces crop production. Different crops require a different range of temperature; hence, the wrong temperature can cause thee crop production to go down.

Ques 2: - What are the desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvement?

Ans :- Desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements are :-

-- Tallness and profuse branching are desirable characters for fodder crops.

-- Dwarfness is desired in cereals, so that less nutrients are consumed by these crops and also to avoid crop lodging.

-- High sugar content in sugarcanes and sugar beets.

-- Long awns and broader leaves to increase photosynthesis in wheat.

-- Increased number of tillers in paddy.

 Page :- 143 

Ques 1: - What are macro-nutrients, and why are they called macronutrients?

Ans: - The essential elements which are required by the plants in large quantities are called macro-nutrients. 

-- The macronutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and Sulphur.

-- They are called so because they are consumed in large amount by the crops.

Ques 2: - How do plants get nutrients?

Ans: - Plants get their nutrients from air, water, and soil.

-- Plants require sixteen essential elements for their growth and development.

Page: - 144  

Q1. Compare the use of manure and fertilisers in maintaining soil fertility.

Ans:-

* Manure	* Fertilizers
-- It Provides organic material.	-- It Provides inorganic material.
-- It makes soil productive and fertile	-- It also makes soil productive and fertile for a short time
-- It enriches the soil with nutrients	-- With a long or high amount of fertilizers makes the soil dry and powdery
-- It reduces the soil erosion	-- It increases the soil erosion
-- It has no effect on the nature of soil	-- Excess amount of fertilizers leads to death of bacteria which are present in the soil.
-- They do not affect pH of soil	-- It changes the nature of soil from acidic to basic
-- Slowly absorbed by plants	-- Easily absorbed by plants.

 

 Page: - 145 

Ques 1: - Which of the following conditions will give the most benefits? Why?

(a) Farmers use high-quality seeds; do not adopt irrigation or use fertilisers. 

(b) Farmers use ordinary seeds, adopt irrigation and use fertilisers.

(c) Farmers use quality seeds, adopt irrigation , use fertilisers and use crop protection measures.  

Ans: - (c) Farmers use quality seeds, adopt irrigation, use fertilizer and use crop protection measures.

-- This condition will give the most benefit.

-- Using quality seeds alone cannot give good results until they are protected, properly irrigated and enriched with fertilizers.

 Page: - 145 

Ques 1: - Why should preventive measures and biological control methods be preferred for protecting crops?

Ans: - Preventive measures and biological control methods are used as they are simple, not expensive, environmentally safe and do not affect the soil quality. 

-- These methods are also harmless to other forms of life. The main purpose is to protect the crop from disease-causing pathogens and weeds.

-- Some preventive measures are proper seedbed preparation, timely sowing of crops, intercropping and crop rotation.

Ques 2: - What factors may be responsible for the losses of grains during storage?

Ans: - Factors responsible for losses of grains during storage are:

-- Biotic factors such as insects, rodents, and bacteria

-- Abiotic factors such as moisture and temperatures in the place of storage.

-- These factors cause degradation in quality, loss in weight, poor germination, discoloration of produce, all leading to poor marketability.

 Page: - 147 

Ques 1: - Which method is commonly used for improving cattle breeds and why?

Ans: - Crossbreeding is commonly used for improving cattle breeds. It is done between indigenous and exotic breeds for variety improvement.

-- Exotic or foreign breeds (for example, Jersey, Brown Swiss) are selected for long lactation periods, while local breeds (for example, Red Sindhi, Sahiwal) show excellent resistance to diseases.

-- The desired characteristics from both the breed are taken to produce a new improved variety.

 Page: - 148 

Ques 1: - What management practices are common in dairy and poultry farming?

Ans: - The management practices common in dairy and poultry farming are: -

-- Proper cleaning, sanitation, and spraying of disinfectants at regular intervals.

-- Appropriate vaccination to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases.

-- Providing nutritious food and fodder.

Ques 2: - What are the differences between broilers and layers and their management?

Ans: -

* Broilers	* Layers
-- Broilers are farmed for obtaining meat	-- layers are farmed for eggs.
-- Require high protein, fat and vitamins A and K diets	-- Require high vitamins and minerals diets.
-- require less space.	-- require proper lighting and enough space.

 Page: - 150  

Ques 1: - How are fish obtained?

Ans: - Fishes are obtained in two ways: -

-- Capture fishing: - Obtaining fish from natural resources. 

-- Culture Fishery: - Culturing of fishes in freshwater ecosystems, like rivers, ponds and lakes, also including marine.

Ques 2: - What are the advantages of composite fish culture?

Ans: - The advantages of composite fish culture are: -

-- In a single fish pond, a combination of 5 or 6 types of fish species can be cultured since they do not compete for food among themselves.

-- Food resources can be completely utilised

-- Survival of the fish also increases    

-- More yield

 Page: - 150  

Ques 1: - What are the desirable characteristics of bee varieties suitable for honey production?

Ans: - The desirable characters of bee varieties suitable for honey production are:

-- High honey collection capacity        

-- Less sting

-- Stay in a given beehive for long periods  

-- Breed well

Ques 2: - What is pasturage, and how is it related to honey production?

Ans: - Pasturage (bee forage) are the flowers available to the bees for nectar and pollen collection.

-- They are grown within the range of the bees.

-- The quality, taste and yield of honey depends upon the type and quantity of pasturage available.