NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History Chapter 1 The French Revolution || History Chapter 1 The French Revolution Exercise solution || Class 9 History The French Revolution Exercise Solution ||

Subject	Science (Physics)
Class	9
Chapter No.	1
Chapter Name	The French Revolution
Type	Exercise Solution

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History Chapter 1: - The French Revolution: - PDF

In this article, we will provide you with NCERT Exercise Solutions For Class 9 Social Science History Ch 1 The French Revolution to help students in their CBSE exam preparation. This solution provides them with answers to the Exercise questions provided in the NCERT Class 9 textbooks.

The French revolution 

Exercise Solution

Ques 1:- Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France.

Ans :- Several factors contributed to the revolutionary protests in France in 1789 :-

-- Social Inequality :- French society was divided into three estates. The clergy (First Estate) and the nobility(Second Estate) enjoyed privileges while the commoners (Third Estate) bore heavy taxes and had no say in political matters. This inequality fueled anger among the Third Estate.

-- Economic Crisis :- France faced a severe financial crisis due to costly wars (like the American War of Independence) and extravagant spending by the monarchy. This led to increased taxation and widespread poverty.

-- Enlightenment Ideas :- Enlightenment philosophers like Rousseau criticized absolute monarchy and advocated ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Their writings inspired revolutionary thinking.

-- Weak Monarchy :- King Louis XVI was seen as an ineffective leader who failed to address the grievances of the people. His inability to reform taxation and government deepened the crisis.

-- Famine and Unemployment: - Bad harvests in the 1780s led to food shortages and inflation, worsening the economic conditions. Widespread unemployment in urban areas further fueled dissatisfaction.

Ques 2:- Which groups of French society benefitted from the revolution ? Which groups were forced to relinquish power ? Which sections of society would have been disappointed with the outcome of the revolution ?

Ans :- Beneficiaries :- The middle class or the richer members of the Third Estate consisting of merchants, traders, lawyers and rich peasants benefited the most from the French Revolution; feudal obligations were no longer to be honoured by the Third Estate. Tithes, the tax is given to the Church, were abolished.

Groups that lost power :- The First Estate (clergy) and Second Estate (nobility) were forced to relinquish power. These estates had long enjoyed privileges by birth, including exemption from taxes and special political influence. After the revolution, these privileges were removed.

Disappointed groups :- The poorer sections and women of the third estate were disappointed with the outcome of the French Revolution because their aspirations were not properly fulfilled, e.g., women were not given voting rights. Poor men who did not have fulfilled property or who did not pay taxes were not allowed to vote.

Ques 3 :- Describe the legacy of the French Revolution for the peoples of the world during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Ans:- -- The legacy of the French Revolution for the peoples of the world during the nineteenth and twenteeth centuries was as follows.

-- Ideas of equality and democratic spread from France to other European countries and feudalism was abolished.

-- Colonial people reworked the idea of freedom from bondage into their movements to create sovereign nation states.

-- It was the first movement to adopt the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity.

-- The declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen gave rights such as right to life, freedom of speech, equality before law, etc.

-- Women were given many rights. They could not be forced to marry against their will, divorce was made legal, schooling was made compulsory and they could train for jobs. 

Ques 4 :- Draw up a list of democratic rights we enjoy today whose origins could be traced to the French Revolution.

Ans:- Some of the democratic rights that we enjoy today whose origins could be traced to the French Revolution are:

-- Right to vote 

-- Freedom of press

-- Freedom of speech 

-- Freedom of expression

-- Abolition of slavery             

-- Right to liberty 

-- Right to property                 

-- Right to security                   

--  Right to education 

Ques 5 :- Would you agree with the view that the message of universal rights was beset with contradictions? Explain.

Ans :- Yes, the message of universal rights during the French Revolution was indeed marked by contradictions:

Exclusion of women :- While the revolution promoted equality, women were excluded from many basic rights. They were not allowed to vote, hold public office, or have a say in the law-making process.

Limited reach of rights :- The rights to liberty, property, and security were not extended to women, and they were denied equal opportunities based on their abilities.

-- This created a significant gap between the ideals of the revolution and its implementation.

-- Thus, while the revolution pushed for universal rights, it failed to include everyone equally, particularly women and certain marginalized groups. 

Ques 6 :- How would you explain the rise of Napoleon?

Ans :- The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte can be attributed to several factors:-

Political instability :- After the revolution, France was left in a state of political turmoil. The weak and unstable government under the Directory created an opportunity for a strong leader to emerge.

Military success :- Napoleon's military victories made him a national hero. His successful campaigns in Italy and Egypt boosted his popularity and increased his influence in French politics.

Support from the army :- Napoleon had the loyalty of the French army, which helped him seize power through a coup in 1799, overthrowing the Directory and establishing himself as the ruler.

Introduction of reforms :- As emperor, Napoleon introduced reforms such as the protection of private property and the establishment of a uniform system of weights and measures. His legal reforms, known as the Napoleonic Code, carried forward revolutionary principles of equality and modern governance.

-- Though Napoleon's reign ended with his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, his impact on France and Europe remained, with many of his reforms continuing to influence modern societies.